SUBSTANCE AND ACCIDENT

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SUBSTANCE AND ACCIDENT
Substance is that which primarily exist and metaphysics treats reality of substance as primary predicate of being, so substance do not depend on subject for its existence. It can also be said to be that whose nature exists in itself, thus, substance is separable and independent.

There are four senses in speaking about substances;
1.      Essence/ quidity/ form- that in which an indidual thing is what it is.
2.      Universals- singulars of things as substance
3.      Primary genus- general family of things.
4.      Subject- particular substance.
A descriptive definition of substance is that substance is essence, what it is without existence.

ACCIDENT
Accident implies the reality of a substance, they signify a thing to which each predication is refered. Substance supports accidents but not necessarily important that accident must be in substance. Accidents are not defined without substance they are not complete being themselves, they lack completeness in being so they are not subject of being in the order of existence.
There are two categories of accidents;
a.       Predicamental accident, which signifies what is supposed to be “per se”
b.      Predicable accident, that which is incidental to a subject of inquire definition or species, genus, differentia, property, and accidentia.

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